Hi Peter,
Yes, adding more RAM to your computer should help. But it is quite hard to predict how much it will be used (as I mentioned, R's memory usage is a bit obscure). If you want to add more RAM, I would go to the max you can afford or your computer can take.
Another practical solution is ...
Important: Read this before posting to this forum
- This forum is for questions related to the use of Apollo. We will answer some general choice modelling questions too, where appropriate, and time permitting. We cannot answer questions about how to estimate choice models with other software packages.
- There is a very detailed manual for Apollo available at http://www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com/manual.html. This contains detailed descriptions of the various Apollo functions, and numerous examples are available at http://www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com/examples.html. In addition, help files are available for all functions, using e.g. ?apollo_mnl
- Before asking a question on the forum, users are kindly requested to follow these steps:
- Check that the same issue has not already been addressed in the forum - there is a search tool.
- Ensure that the correct syntax has been used. For any function, detailed instructions are available directly in Apollo, e.g. by using ?apollo_mnl for apollo_mnl
- Check the frequently asked questions section on the Apollo website, which discusses some common issues/failures. Please see http://www.apollochoicemodelling.com/faq.html
- Make sure that R is using the latest official release of Apollo.
- Users can check which version they are running by entering packageVersion("apollo").
- Then check what is the latest full release (not development version) at http://www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com/code.html.
- To update to the latest official version, just enter install.packages("apollo"). To update to a development version, download the appropriate binary file from http://www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com/code.html, and install the package from file
- If the above steps do not resolve the issue, then users should follow these steps when posting a question:
- provide full details on the issue, including the entire code and output, including any error messages
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Search found 233 matches
- 03 Aug 2026, 18:08
- Forum: Model estimation
- Topic: Hardware requirements for complex hybrid latent class models in Apollo
- Replies: 5
- Views: 5406
- 01 Aug 2026, 17:04
- Forum: Post-estimation analysis/use of results
- Topic: Sample size / power analysis for latent class analysis based on a DCE — unknown number of classes
- Replies: 1
- Views: 2145
Re: Sample size / power analysis for latent class analysis based on a DCE — unknown number of classes
Hi,
I am not aware of techniques for efficient experimental design for discrete choice latent class models. That said, Ngene is the leading software for generating discrete choice experimental designs, so you may want to look into it. A quick glance through their manual did not return a match for ...
I am not aware of techniques for efficient experimental design for discrete choice latent class models. That said, Ngene is the leading software for generating discrete choice experimental designs, so you may want to look into it. A quick glance through their manual did not return a match for ...
- 01 Aug 2026, 16:42
- Forum: Estimation results
- Topic: Negative scale coefficient in MaxDiff / Case 2 BWS LC model
- Replies: 1
- Views: 2111
Re: Negative scale coefficient in MaxDiff / Case 2 BWS LC model
Hi Dominik,
While I am no expert in Best-Worst, my limited experience with it is that a wrong scale parameter simply indicates that the model formulation is not supported by the data. This would be similar to obtaining an out-of-range nest parameter in a nested logit, which simply means that the ...
While I am no expert in Best-Worst, my limited experience with it is that a wrong scale parameter simply indicates that the model formulation is not supported by the data. This would be similar to obtaining an out-of-range nest parameter in a nested logit, which simply means that the ...
- 01 Aug 2026, 16:22
- Forum: Other
- Topic: Apollo for MNL (No Choice Experiment)
- Replies: 1
- Views: 2184
Re: Apollo for MNL (No Choice Experiment)
Sure you can. You can look at example Hybrid_with_continuous_measurement in the webpage for a template on how to implement it. You may also want to look at Ben-Akiva et al (2002) for the theory behind it.
- 01 Aug 2026, 16:16
- Forum: Model estimation
- Topic: Hardware requirements for complex hybrid latent class models in Apollo
- Replies: 5
- Views: 5406
Re: Hardware requirements for complex hybrid latent class models in Apollo
Hi Peter,
The R language can be quite memory hungry. In the particular case of Apollo, this usually manifest in hybrid models, where the multiple components (measuring + choice) end up consuming significant amounts of memory.
Here are a few tips to reduce memory consumption (at the cost of slower ...
The R language can be quite memory hungry. In the particular case of Apollo, this usually manifest in hybrid models, where the multiple components (measuring + choice) end up consuming significant amounts of memory.
Here are a few tips to reduce memory consumption (at the cost of slower ...
- 01 Aug 2026, 16:00
- Forum: Model specification
- Topic: Socio-demographic variables in MMNL WTP Space
- Replies: 1
- Views: 2432
Re: Socio-demographic variables in MMNL WTP Space
Hi Ming,
I can’t recall any particular set of good practices when including systematic taste variations in WTP-space models. After a quick google search, most papers I found deal with parametrising random coefficient in WTP-space, without going into details of systematic taste variation or ...
I can’t recall any particular set of good practices when including systematic taste variations in WTP-space models. After a quick google search, most papers I found deal with parametrising random coefficient in WTP-space, without going into details of systematic taste variation or ...
- 01 Dec 2025, 22:20
- Forum: Model specification
- Topic: How to integrate out the prediction error of an imputed variable?
- Replies: 1
- Views: 67198
Re: How to integrate out the prediction error of an imputed variable?
Hi,
I am not sure I got all the details right of what you want to do, but let’s start with the following case and take it from there.
Let’s say your choice model has 5 alternatives: working 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 days a week. And you only have two explanatory variables: income_j (the income that the ...
I am not sure I got all the details right of what you want to do, but let’s start with the following case and take it from there.
Let’s say your choice model has 5 alternatives: working 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 days a week. And you only have two explanatory variables: income_j (the income that the ...
- 23 Sep 2025, 08:28
- Forum: Feature requests
- Topic: Parallel Processing for apollo_searchStart
- Replies: 4
- Views: 76382
Re: Parallel Processing for apollo_searchStart
Hi Johnathan,
As Stephane mentioned, we thought about making apollo_searchStart, apollo_bootstrap, and apollo_outOfSample perform parallel estimation at the model level before, as opposed to using parallel estimation within each model. However, we did not do it because sharing the pre-processing ...
As Stephane mentioned, we thought about making apollo_searchStart, apollo_bootstrap, and apollo_outOfSample perform parallel estimation at the model level before, as opposed to using parallel estimation within each model. However, we did not do it because sharing the pre-processing ...
- 23 Sep 2025, 08:15
- Forum: Model specification
- Topic: HCM model with casulity between latent factors
- Replies: 8
- Views: 96710
Re: HCM model with casulity between latent factors
Hi Gaby,
The code looks good to me. So I think from a theoretical perspective you are good. From a practical perspective, the formulation may be difficult to estimate.
Personally, I do not recall ever estimating a model with mediating effects for (interaction between) latent variables, so I do not ...
The code looks good to me. So I think from a theoretical perspective you are good. From a practical perspective, the formulation may be difficult to estimate.
Personally, I do not recall ever estimating a model with mediating effects for (interaction between) latent variables, so I do not ...
- 20 Sep 2025, 00:43
- Forum: Model estimation
- Topic: eMDC with only two goods
- Replies: 1
- Views: 64724
Re: eMDC with only two goods
Hi Katya,
If these are warnings you get after estimation, I would not worry about them. During the optimisation process the algorithm may try invalid parameter values (e.g. a negative g_first < 0). These will generate the warning, but the optimiser will be smart enough to try another value (i.e. a ...
If these are warnings you get after estimation, I would not worry about them. During the optimisation process the algorithm may try invalid parameter values (e.g. a negative g_first < 0). These will generate the warning, but the optimiser will be smart enough to try another value (i.e. a ...