Important: Read this before posting to this forum

  1. This forum is for questions related to the use of Apollo. We will answer some general choice modelling questions too, where appropriate, and time permitting. We cannot answer questions about how to estimate choice models with other software packages.
  2. There is a very detailed manual for Apollo available at http://www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com/manual.html. This contains detailed descriptions of the various Apollo functions, and numerous examples are available at http://www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com/examples.html. In addition, help files are available for all functions, using e.g. ?apollo_mnl
  3. Before asking a question on the forum, users are kindly requested to follow these steps:
    1. Check that the same issue has not already been addressed in the forum - there is a search tool.
    2. Ensure that the correct syntax has been used. For any function, detailed instructions are available directly in Apollo, e.g. by using ?apollo_mnl for apollo_mnl
    3. Check the frequently asked questions section on the Apollo website, which discusses some common issues/failures. Please see http://www.apollochoicemodelling.com/faq.html
    4. Make sure that R is using the latest official release of Apollo.
  4. If the above steps do not resolve the issue, then users should follow these steps when posting a question:
    1. provide full details on the issue, including the entire code and output, including any error messages
    2. posts will not immediately appear on the forum, but will be checked by a moderator first. We check the forum at least twice a week. It may thus take a couple of days for your post to appear and before we reply. There is no need to submit the post multiple times.

Search found 13 matches

by caldeiraga
09 Dec 2025, 12:35
Forum: Estimation results
Topic: Difference between standard vs robust t-ratios
Replies: 1
Views: 18822

Difference between standard vs robust t-ratios

Dear Stephane and David,

I am estimating a fractional multinomial logit model using apollo. I notice that the standard t-ratios for most variables are quite low, while the robust t-ratios suggest that many of them are statistically significant.

I've never seen such a systematic discrepancy between ...
by caldeiraga
29 Apr 2025, 20:41
Forum: Post-estimation analysis/use of results
Topic: standard errors of average marginal effects
Replies: 3
Views: 38951

Re: standard errors of average marginal effects

Hi Stephane,

I'm currently working on a paper where we estimated a multivariate ordered logit model with three dependent variables, using the mvord package instead of apollo. We are in the process of revising the paper for a journal, and one of the reviewers has requested confidence intervals for ...
by caldeiraga
09 Mar 2023, 15:26
Forum: Errors during model validation and/or estimation.
Topic: Error when using mixed logit with only one observation per individual
Replies: 6
Views: 13734

Re: Error when using mixed logit with only one observation per individual

Hi Stephane and David,

I'm trying to estimate a mixed ordered choice model with random threshold parameters. Bellow is the code I'm using to estimate the model. I got the following message: "Error in apollo_validate(op_settings, modelType, functionality, apollo_inputs) :
Tresholds for model ...
by caldeiraga
08 Oct 2021, 11:35
Forum: Post-estimation analysis/use of results
Topic: Delta method for RRM models
Replies: 3
Views: 10106

Re: Delta method for RRM models

Hi Prof Stephane

Thanks for the answer. I'm using as reference the Chorus (2012) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01441647.2011.609947 and Dekker (2014) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1755534514000360?via%3Dihub papers. I'm aware of the differences between the RUM ...
by caldeiraga
07 Oct 2021, 20:39
Forum: Post-estimation analysis/use of results
Topic: Delta method for RRM models
Replies: 3
Views: 10106

Delta method for RRM models

Hi David and Stephane,

I have a question about the VTT error calculated from a RRM model. If I understood correctly the paper of Daly et al. (2012) about the computation of this measure, we calculate errors from a transformation of the parameters, and in the case of VTT is the ratio of the ...
by caldeiraga
09 Jul 2021, 21:54
Forum: Model specification
Topic: ordinal logit using second-order measurement component
Replies: 6
Views: 45315

Re: ordinal logit using second-order measurement component

I found the error prof Hess, I was specifying in a wrong way the SEX variable and now it works. Thanks!

Best,
Gabriel
by caldeiraga
08 Jul 2021, 19:36
Forum: Model specification
Topic: ordinal logit using second-order measurement component
Replies: 6
Views: 45315

Re: ordinal logit using second-order measurement component

My model has an ordered variable with 4 outcomes, I just put two variables to test with it works, but then I get the following message:

Error in apollo_validate(ol_settings, modelType, functionality, apollo_inputs) :
Some values inside V are not finite for model component "model"
Além disso ...
by caldeiraga
08 Jul 2021, 02:48
Forum: Model specification
Topic: ordinal logit using second-order measurement component
Replies: 6
Views: 45315

Re: ordinal logit using second-order measurement component

Hi prof Hess,

I think it's a silly question, but, if I want to specify an ordered model like in the polr function from the MASS package, where I specify the utility (in the Manual says V is a numeric vector) in the model? All the examples in the manual and the topics here discuss the specification ...
by caldeiraga
08 Jun 2021, 18:57
Forum: Post-estimation analysis/use of results
Topic: Willingness-to-pay considering binary variable
Replies: 9
Views: 63966

Re: Willingness-to-pay considering binary variable

Hi David,

I have a question about computing Average Marginal effect for dummy variables, when you write P(i | x1=1) - P(i | x1=0), does it mean that I need to compute the probability for the complete estimated sample, and then subselect in the sample the observations with x1=1 and x1=0 and ...
by caldeiraga
29 Sep 2020, 02:42
Forum: Examples (existing and requests for new ones)
Topic: Triangular and Johnson's Sb distribution
Replies: 4
Views: 27930

Re: Triangular and Johnson's Sb distribution

Thanks prof Hess!

Best regards,

Gabriel