Model run by stephane.hess using Apollo 0.3.6 on R 4.5.1 for Darwin. Please acknowledge the use of Apollo by citing Hess & Palma (2019) DOI 10.1016/j.jocm.2019.100170 www.ApolloChoiceModelling.com Model name : DFT_mode_choice Model description : DFT model on mode choice SP data Model run at : 2025-09-19 11:42:02.759667 Estimation method : bgw Estimation diagnosis : Relative function convergence Optimisation diagnosis : Maximum found hessian properties : Negative definite maximum eigenvalue : -0.010318 reciprocal of condition number : 2.02009e-12 Number of individuals : 500 Number of rows in database : 7000 Number of modelled outcomes : 7000 Number of cores used : 4 Model without mixing LL(start) : -7425.98 LL at equal shares, LL(0) : -8196.02 LL at observed shares, LL(C) : NA LL(final) : -4806.56 Rho-squared vs equal shares : 0.4135 Adj.Rho-squared vs equal shares : 0.4111 Rho-squared vs observed shares : Not applicable Adj.Rho-squared vs observed shares : Not applicable AIC : 9653.12 BIC : 9790.2 Estimated parameters : 20 Time taken (hh:mm:ss) : 00:03:59.25 pre-estimation : 00:00:6.86 estimation : 00:01:7.12 post-estimation : 00:02:45.26 Iterations : 22 Unconstrained optimisation. Estimates: Estimate s.e. t.rat.(0) Rob.s.e. Rob.t.rat.(0) asc_car 0.000000 NA NA NA NA asc_bus 23.234367 8.953891 2.5949 10.725356 2.1663 asc_air 4.420173 5.759386 0.7675 8.054969 0.5488 asc_rail -16.585755 4.867979 -3.4071 5.521374 -3.0039 asc_bus_interaction_female 10.033977 5.291493 1.8962 6.568165 1.5277 asc_air_interaction_female 3.113289 2.534490 1.2284 2.589600 1.2022 asc_rail_interaction_female 2.139010 2.029377 1.0540 2.085844 1.0255 b_tt_car -0.001629 4.0971e-04 -3.9759 5.1787e-04 -3.1456 b_tt_bus -0.002931 7.2973e-04 -4.0166 9.1573e-04 -3.2008 b_tt_air -0.003187 7.3493e-04 -4.3363 7.9430e-04 -4.0122 b_tt_rail -0.001690 4.0502e-04 -4.1725 4.3574e-04 -3.8782 b_tt_interaction_business -0.001112 2.6282e-04 -4.2304 2.8501e-04 -3.9011 b_acc -0.003521 8.7791e-04 -4.0102 0.001041 -3.3812 b_cost -0.011896 0.002907 -4.0923 0.003635 -3.2729 b_cost_interaction_business 0.005336 0.001436 3.7170 0.001778 3.0010 cost_income_elast -0.667384 0.034510 -19.3389 0.037451 -17.8201 b_no_frills 0.000000 NA NA NA NA b_wifi 0.155046 0.036743 4.2198 0.045345 3.4192 b_food 0.063143 0.016887 3.7391 0.020491 3.0814 p_error_sd 1.000000 NA NA NA NA p_timesteps 5.895861 0.454490 12.9725 0.568127 10.3777 p_phi1 1.202524 0.572262 2.1014 0.720979 1.6679 p_phi2 -5.289253 0.414560 -12.7587 0.434058 -12.1856 Overview of choices for DFT model component : car bus air rail Times available 5446.00 6314.00 5264.00 6118.00 Times chosen 1946.00 358.00 1522.00 3174.00 Percentage chosen overall 27.80 5.11 21.74 45.34 Percentage chosen when available 35.73 5.67 28.91 51.88 Classical covariance matrix: asc_bus asc_air asc_bus 80.172164 22.105486 asc_air 22.105486 33.170531 asc_rail -9.899397 10.566651 asc_bus_interaction_female 17.367509 16.011802 asc_air_interaction_female 4.897311 -1.067397 asc_rail_interaction_female 3.021943 -1.088012 b_tt_car 0.002560 0.001374 b_tt_bus 0.004003 0.002411 b_tt_air 0.003804 9.7520e-04 b_tt_rail 0.001894 4.8091e-04 b_tt_interaction_business 0.001400 5.9014e-04 b_acc 0.004805 0.002122 b_cost 0.016563 0.009835 b_cost_interaction_business -0.007385 -0.004882 cost_income_elast -0.033971 -0.017402 b_wifi -0.208300 -0.115581 b_food -0.085182 -0.048641 p_timesteps 2.711757 1.504759 p_phi1 3.012898 1.979479 p_phi2 -1.644786 -0.811976 asc_rail asc_bus_interaction_female asc_bus -9.899397 17.367509 asc_air 10.566651 16.011802 asc_rail 23.697222 1.609268 asc_bus_interaction_female 1.609268 27.999899 asc_air_interaction_female -3.500720 -1.369976 asc_rail_interaction_female -3.449813 -2.238309 b_tt_car -5.9559e-04 0.001192 b_tt_bus -0.001096 0.002052 b_tt_air -0.001719 0.001583 b_tt_rail -0.001369 6.4395e-04 b_tt_interaction_business -5.6686e-04 6.2321e-04 b_acc -0.001382 0.002364 b_cost -0.004274 0.008199 b_cost_interaction_business 0.001839 -0.003749 cost_income_elast -0.026706 -0.017164 b_wifi 0.054633 -0.101735 b_food 0.020528 -0.042267 p_timesteps -0.685077 1.331802 p_phi1 -0.691300 1.717545 p_phi2 0.981868 -0.754182 asc_air_interaction_female asc_rail_interaction_female asc_bus 4.897311 3.021943 asc_air -1.067397 -1.088012 asc_rail -3.500720 -3.449813 asc_bus_interaction_female -1.369976 -2.238309 asc_air_interaction_female 6.423640 3.866876 asc_rail_interaction_female 3.866876 4.118369 b_tt_car 2.6585e-04 1.6052e-04 b_tt_bus 4.8991e-04 3.0101e-04 b_tt_air 4.5163e-04 3.0234e-04 b_tt_rail 2.3592e-04 1.6791e-04 b_tt_interaction_business 1.9259e-04 1.2839e-04 b_acc 5.5514e-04 3.4314e-04 b_cost 0.001982 0.001226 b_cost_interaction_business -9.3962e-04 -5.9022e-04 cost_income_elast 0.010986 0.009739 b_wifi -0.024646 -0.015349 b_food -0.010060 -0.006309 p_timesteps 0.309846 0.188624 p_phi1 0.440512 0.274741 p_phi2 -0.304798 -0.217782 b_tt_car b_tt_bus asc_bus 0.002560 0.004003 asc_air 0.001374 0.002411 asc_rail -5.9559e-04 -0.001096 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.001192 0.002052 asc_air_interaction_female 2.6585e-04 4.8991e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 1.6052e-04 3.0101e-04 b_tt_car 1.679e-07 2.946e-07 b_tt_bus 2.946e-07 5.325e-07 b_tt_air 2.679e-07 4.725e-07 b_tt_rail 1.369e-07 2.366e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 9.410e-08 1.695e-07 b_acc 3.339e-07 5.931e-07 b_cost 1.170e-06 2.110e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -5.559e-07 -1.009e-06 cost_income_elast 8.813e-07 2.549e-06 b_wifi -1.442e-05 -2.599e-05 b_food -5.946e-06 -1.072e-05 p_timesteps 1.8202e-04 3.2866e-04 p_phi1 2.1531e-04 3.9092e-04 p_phi2 -1.4901e-04 -2.7517e-04 b_tt_air b_tt_rail asc_bus 0.003804 0.001894 asc_air 9.7520e-04 4.8091e-04 asc_rail -0.001719 -0.001369 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.001583 6.4395e-04 asc_air_interaction_female 4.5163e-04 2.3592e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 3.0234e-04 1.6791e-04 b_tt_car 2.679e-07 1.369e-07 b_tt_bus 4.725e-07 2.366e-07 b_tt_air 5.401e-07 2.600e-07 b_tt_rail 2.600e-07 1.640e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 1.602e-07 8.312e-08 b_acc 5.317e-07 2.671e-07 b_cost 1.844e-06 9.273e-07 b_cost_interaction_business -8.677e-07 -4.351e-07 cost_income_elast 3.399e-06 1.523e-06 b_wifi -2.336e-05 -1.162e-05 b_food -9.716e-06 -4.807e-06 p_timesteps 2.8965e-04 1.4154e-04 p_phi1 3.2852e-04 1.5767e-04 p_phi2 -2.6434e-04 -1.4101e-04 b_tt_interaction_business b_acc asc_bus 0.001400 0.004805 asc_air 5.9014e-04 0.002122 asc_rail -5.6686e-04 -0.001382 asc_bus_interaction_female 6.2321e-04 0.002364 asc_air_interaction_female 1.9259e-04 5.5514e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 1.2839e-04 3.4314e-04 b_tt_car 9.410e-08 3.339e-07 b_tt_bus 1.695e-07 5.931e-07 b_tt_air 1.602e-07 5.317e-07 b_tt_rail 8.312e-08 2.671e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 6.908e-08 2.005e-07 b_acc 2.005e-07 7.707e-07 b_cost 6.766e-07 2.343e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -2.979e-07 -1.095e-06 cost_income_elast 1.659e-06 3.128e-06 b_wifi -8.544e-06 -2.941e-05 b_food -3.501e-06 -1.217e-05 p_timesteps 1.0748e-04 3.6947e-04 p_phi1 1.3070e-04 4.3818e-04 p_phi2 -9.741e-05 -3.0968e-04 b_cost b_cost_interaction_business asc_bus 0.016563 -0.007385 asc_air 0.009835 -0.004882 asc_rail -0.004274 0.001839 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.008199 -0.003749 asc_air_interaction_female 0.001982 -9.3962e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.001226 -5.9022e-04 b_tt_car 1.170e-06 -5.559e-07 b_tt_bus 2.110e-06 -1.009e-06 b_tt_air 1.844e-06 -8.677e-07 b_tt_rail 9.273e-07 -4.351e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 6.766e-07 -2.979e-07 b_acc 2.343e-06 -1.095e-06 b_cost 8.450e-06 -4.057e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -4.057e-06 2.061e-06 cost_income_elast 7.809e-06 -4.801e-06 b_wifi -1.0384e-04 4.914e-05 b_food -4.301e-05 2.036e-05 p_timesteps 0.001310 -6.2102e-04 p_phi1 0.001560 -7.3901e-04 p_phi2 -0.001097 5.2656e-04 cost_income_elast b_wifi asc_bus -0.033971 -0.208300 asc_air -0.017402 -0.115581 asc_rail -0.026706 0.054633 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.017164 -0.101735 asc_air_interaction_female 0.010986 -0.024646 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.009739 -0.015349 b_tt_car 8.813e-07 -1.442e-05 b_tt_bus 2.549e-06 -2.599e-05 b_tt_air 3.399e-06 -2.336e-05 b_tt_rail 1.523e-06 -1.162e-05 b_tt_interaction_business 1.659e-06 -8.544e-06 b_acc 3.128e-06 -2.941e-05 b_cost 7.809e-06 -1.0384e-04 b_cost_interaction_business -4.801e-06 4.914e-05 cost_income_elast 0.001191 -1.1966e-04 b_wifi -1.1966e-04 0.001350 b_food -4.201e-05 5.6419e-04 p_timesteps 0.001548 -0.016237 p_phi1 0.003031 -0.019262 p_phi2 -0.003695 0.013659 b_food p_timesteps asc_bus -0.085182 2.711757 asc_air -0.048641 1.504759 asc_rail 0.020528 -0.685077 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.042267 1.331802 asc_air_interaction_female -0.010060 0.309846 asc_rail_interaction_female -0.006309 0.188624 b_tt_car -5.946e-06 1.8202e-04 b_tt_bus -1.072e-05 3.2866e-04 b_tt_air -9.716e-06 2.8965e-04 b_tt_rail -4.807e-06 1.4154e-04 b_tt_interaction_business -3.501e-06 1.0748e-04 b_acc -1.217e-05 3.6947e-04 b_cost -4.301e-05 0.001310 b_cost_interaction_business 2.036e-05 -6.2102e-04 cost_income_elast -4.201e-05 0.001548 b_wifi 5.6419e-04 -0.016237 b_food 2.8518e-04 -0.006703 p_timesteps -0.006703 0.206561 p_phi1 -0.007968 0.244474 p_phi2 0.005639 -0.170105 p_phi1 p_phi2 asc_bus 3.012898 -1.644786 asc_air 1.979479 -0.811976 asc_rail -0.691300 0.981868 asc_bus_interaction_female 1.717545 -0.754182 asc_air_interaction_female 0.440512 -0.304798 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.274741 -0.217782 b_tt_car 2.1531e-04 -1.4901e-04 b_tt_bus 3.9092e-04 -2.7517e-04 b_tt_air 3.2852e-04 -2.6434e-04 b_tt_rail 1.5767e-04 -1.4101e-04 b_tt_interaction_business 1.3070e-04 -9.741e-05 b_acc 4.3818e-04 -3.0968e-04 b_cost 0.001560 -0.001097 b_cost_interaction_business -7.3901e-04 5.2656e-04 cost_income_elast 0.003031 -0.003695 b_wifi -0.019262 0.013659 b_food -0.007968 0.005639 p_timesteps 0.244474 -0.170105 p_phi1 0.327484 -0.197927 p_phi2 -0.197927 0.171860 Robust covariance matrix: asc_bus asc_air asc_bus 115.033254 58.351194 asc_air 58.351194 64.882525 asc_rail 0.697040 21.322228 asc_bus_interaction_female 37.829391 37.016739 asc_air_interaction_female 7.409192 1.403651 asc_rail_interaction_female 2.769764 -0.967328 b_tt_car 0.004399 0.003168 b_tt_bus 0.007235 0.005530 b_tt_air 0.005388 0.002786 b_tt_rail 0.002561 0.001019 b_tt_interaction_business 0.002040 0.001312 b_acc 0.007914 0.005319 b_cost 0.029405 0.022257 b_cost_interaction_business -0.013734 -0.010885 cost_income_elast -0.151830 -0.085842 b_wifi -0.362132 -0.266765 b_food -0.151725 -0.112392 p_timesteps 4.715915 3.480805 p_phi1 5.499504 4.534401 p_phi2 -2.398337 -1.594268 asc_rail asc_bus_interaction_female asc_bus 0.697040 37.829391 asc_air 21.322228 37.016739 asc_rail 30.485574 10.326471 asc_bus_interaction_female 10.326471 43.140798 asc_air_interaction_female -3.508225 -0.395908 asc_rail_interaction_female -3.734717 -2.518315 b_tt_car -5.751e-05 0.002332 b_tt_bus -1.4217e-04 0.004033 b_tt_air -0.001067 0.002821 b_tt_rail -0.001425 9.7997e-04 b_tt_interaction_business -3.1096e-04 0.001023 b_acc -3.6672e-04 0.004274 b_cost -4.2154e-04 0.015989 b_cost_interaction_business -2.310e-05 -0.007626 cost_income_elast -0.009851 -0.064504 b_wifi 0.006260 -0.195527 b_food 6.5500e-04 -0.079614 p_timesteps -0.042693 2.544130 p_phi1 0.285888 3.229193 p_phi2 0.748486 -1.208058 asc_air_interaction_female asc_rail_interaction_female asc_bus 7.409192 2.769764 asc_air 1.403651 -0.967328 asc_rail -3.508225 -3.734717 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.395908 -2.518315 asc_air_interaction_female 6.706030 4.220883 asc_rail_interaction_female 4.220883 4.350746 b_tt_car 3.9069e-04 1.7532e-04 b_tt_bus 7.0823e-04 3.2668e-04 b_tt_air 5.7627e-04 3.2314e-04 b_tt_rail 3.2482e-04 2.1133e-04 b_tt_interaction_business 2.6407e-04 1.4797e-04 b_acc 7.8322e-04 3.8023e-04 b_cost 0.002850 0.001321 b_cost_interaction_business -0.001320 -5.9872e-04 cost_income_elast 0.009093 0.012312 b_wifi -0.037301 -0.017814 b_food -0.016578 -0.008198 p_timesteps 0.452808 0.203599 p_phi1 0.613247 0.283666 p_phi2 -0.401813 -0.261618 b_tt_car b_tt_bus asc_bus 0.004399 0.007235 asc_air 0.003168 0.005530 asc_rail -5.751e-05 -1.4217e-04 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.002332 0.004033 asc_air_interaction_female 3.9069e-04 7.0823e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 1.7532e-04 3.2668e-04 b_tt_car 2.682e-07 4.700e-07 b_tt_bus 4.700e-07 8.386e-07 b_tt_air 3.657e-07 6.435e-07 b_tt_rail 1.735e-07 3.001e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 1.314e-07 2.356e-07 b_acc 5.125e-07 9.075e-07 b_cost 1.861e-06 3.316e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -8.934e-07 -1.595e-06 cost_income_elast -4.294e-06 -6.371e-06 b_wifi -2.279e-05 -4.062e-05 b_food -9.556e-06 -1.702e-05 p_timesteps 2.9002e-04 5.1707e-04 p_phi1 3.5222e-04 6.3040e-04 p_phi2 -1.9256e-04 -3.5195e-04 b_tt_air b_tt_rail asc_bus 0.005388 0.002561 asc_air 0.002786 0.001019 asc_rail -0.001067 -0.001425 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.002821 9.7997e-04 asc_air_interaction_female 5.7627e-04 3.2482e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 3.2314e-04 2.1133e-04 b_tt_car 3.657e-07 1.735e-07 b_tt_bus 6.435e-07 3.001e-07 b_tt_air 6.309e-07 2.920e-07 b_tt_rail 2.920e-07 1.899e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 1.930e-07 9.410e-08 b_acc 7.107e-07 3.323e-07 b_cost 2.509e-06 1.171e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -1.194e-06 -5.547e-07 cost_income_elast -2.921e-06 -2.382e-06 b_wifi -3.152e-05 -1.449e-05 b_food -1.338e-05 -6.097e-06 p_timesteps 3.9234e-04 1.7830e-04 p_phi1 4.6344e-04 1.9788e-04 p_phi2 -3.0193e-04 -1.5555e-04 b_tt_interaction_business b_acc asc_bus 0.002040 0.007914 asc_air 0.001312 0.005319 asc_rail -3.1096e-04 -3.6672e-04 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.001023 0.004274 asc_air_interaction_female 2.6407e-04 7.8322e-04 asc_rail_interaction_female 1.4797e-04 3.8023e-04 b_tt_car 1.314e-07 5.125e-07 b_tt_bus 2.356e-07 9.075e-07 b_tt_air 1.930e-07 7.107e-07 b_tt_rail 9.410e-08 3.323e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 8.123e-08 2.665e-07 b_acc 2.665e-07 1.084e-06 b_cost 9.368e-07 3.583e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -4.320e-07 -1.707e-06 cost_income_elast -9.468e-07 -6.048e-06 b_wifi -1.170e-05 -4.416e-05 b_food -4.884e-06 -1.852e-05 p_timesteps 1.4790e-04 5.6095e-04 p_phi1 1.8347e-04 6.7873e-04 p_phi2 -1.1306e-04 -3.9106e-04 b_cost b_cost_interaction_business asc_bus 0.029405 -0.013734 asc_air 0.022257 -0.010885 asc_rail -4.2154e-04 -2.310e-05 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.015989 -0.007626 asc_air_interaction_female 0.002850 -0.001320 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.001321 -5.9872e-04 b_tt_car 1.861e-06 -8.934e-07 b_tt_bus 3.316e-06 -1.595e-06 b_tt_air 2.509e-06 -1.194e-06 b_tt_rail 1.171e-06 -5.547e-07 b_tt_interaction_business 9.368e-07 -4.320e-07 b_acc 3.583e-06 -1.707e-06 b_cost 1.321e-05 -6.371e-06 b_cost_interaction_business -6.371e-06 3.162e-06 cost_income_elast -2.762e-05 1.153e-05 b_wifi -1.6159e-04 7.729e-05 b_food -6.783e-05 3.245e-05 p_timesteps 0.002054 -9.8304e-04 p_phi1 0.002510 -0.001203 p_phi2 -0.001396 6.7064e-04 cost_income_elast b_wifi asc_bus -0.151830 -0.362132 asc_air -0.085842 -0.266765 asc_rail -0.009851 0.006260 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.064504 -0.195527 asc_air_interaction_female 0.009093 -0.037301 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.012312 -0.017814 b_tt_car -4.294e-06 -2.279e-05 b_tt_bus -6.371e-06 -4.062e-05 b_tt_air -2.921e-06 -3.152e-05 b_tt_rail -2.382e-06 -1.449e-05 b_tt_interaction_business -9.468e-07 -1.170e-05 b_acc -6.048e-06 -4.416e-05 b_cost -2.762e-05 -1.6159e-04 b_cost_interaction_business 1.153e-05 7.729e-05 cost_income_elast 0.001403 3.0707e-04 b_wifi 3.0707e-04 0.002056 b_food 1.1838e-04 8.6657e-04 p_timesteps -0.004200 -0.025246 p_phi1 -0.003300 -0.030901 p_phi2 -4.5026e-04 0.017303 b_food p_timesteps asc_bus -0.151725 4.715915 asc_air -0.112392 3.480805 asc_rail 6.5500e-04 -0.042693 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.079614 2.544130 asc_air_interaction_female -0.016578 0.452808 asc_rail_interaction_female -0.008198 0.203599 b_tt_car -9.556e-06 2.9002e-04 b_tt_bus -1.702e-05 5.1707e-04 b_tt_air -1.338e-05 3.9234e-04 b_tt_rail -6.097e-06 1.7830e-04 b_tt_interaction_business -4.884e-06 1.4790e-04 b_acc -1.852e-05 5.6095e-04 b_cost -6.783e-05 0.002054 b_cost_interaction_business 3.245e-05 -9.8304e-04 cost_income_elast 1.1838e-04 -0.004200 b_wifi 8.6657e-04 -0.025246 b_food 4.1989e-04 -0.010571 p_timesteps -0.010571 0.322768 p_phi1 -0.013018 0.393065 p_phi2 0.007224 -0.216386 p_phi1 p_phi2 asc_bus 5.499504 -2.398337 asc_air 4.534401 -1.594268 asc_rail 0.285888 0.748486 asc_bus_interaction_female 3.229193 -1.208058 asc_air_interaction_female 0.613247 -0.401813 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.283666 -0.261618 b_tt_car 3.5222e-04 -1.9256e-04 b_tt_bus 6.3040e-04 -3.5195e-04 b_tt_air 4.6344e-04 -3.0193e-04 b_tt_rail 1.9788e-04 -1.5555e-04 b_tt_interaction_business 1.8347e-04 -1.1306e-04 b_acc 6.7873e-04 -3.9106e-04 b_cost 0.002510 -0.001396 b_cost_interaction_business -0.001203 6.7064e-04 cost_income_elast -0.003300 -4.5026e-04 b_wifi -0.030901 0.017303 b_food -0.013018 0.007224 p_timesteps 0.393065 -0.216386 p_phi1 0.519810 -0.259703 p_phi2 -0.259703 0.188406 Classical correlation matrix: asc_bus asc_air asc_bus 1.0000 0.42866 asc_air 0.4287 1.00000 asc_rail -0.2271 0.37689 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.3666 0.52539 asc_air_interaction_female 0.2158 -0.07312 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.1663 -0.09309 b_tt_car 0.6979 0.58219 b_tt_bus 0.6127 0.57374 b_tt_air 0.5781 0.23039 b_tt_rail 0.5222 0.20617 b_tt_interaction_business 0.5948 0.38986 b_acc 0.6113 0.41971 b_cost 0.6364 0.58745 b_cost_interaction_business -0.5745 -0.59040 cost_income_elast -0.1099 -0.08756 b_wifi -0.6331 -0.54618 b_food -0.5633 -0.50012 p_timesteps 0.6664 0.57487 p_phi1 0.5880 0.60059 p_phi2 -0.4431 -0.34008 asc_rail asc_bus_interaction_female asc_bus -0.22712 0.36656 asc_air 0.37689 0.52539 asc_rail 1.00000 0.06247 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.06247 1.00000 asc_air_interaction_female -0.28374 -0.10215 asc_rail_interaction_female -0.34921 -0.20844 b_tt_car -0.29862 0.54975 b_tt_bus -0.30849 0.53136 b_tt_air -0.48052 0.40698 b_tt_rail -0.69412 0.30047 b_tt_interaction_business -0.44306 0.44811 b_acc -0.32342 0.50881 b_cost -0.30202 0.53306 b_cost_interaction_business 0.26312 -0.49354 cost_income_elast -0.15897 -0.09399 b_wifi 0.30544 -0.52326 b_food 0.24971 -0.47300 p_timesteps -0.30965 0.55378 p_phi1 -0.24815 0.56720 p_phi2 0.48654 -0.34380 asc_air_interaction_female asc_rail_interaction_female asc_bus 0.21580 0.16631 asc_air -0.07312 -0.09309 asc_rail -0.28374 -0.34921 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.10215 -0.20844 asc_air_interaction_female 1.00000 0.75181 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.75181 1.00000 b_tt_car 0.25602 0.19306 b_tt_bus 0.26489 0.20326 b_tt_air 0.24246 0.20272 b_tt_rail 0.22983 0.20429 b_tt_interaction_business 0.28912 0.24071 b_acc 0.24949 0.19260 b_cost 0.26897 0.20786 b_cost_interaction_business -0.25822 -0.20257 cost_income_elast 0.12560 0.13905 b_wifi -0.26466 -0.20585 b_food -0.23504 -0.18408 p_timesteps 0.26899 0.20451 p_phi1 0.30372 0.23657 p_phi2 -0.29009 -0.25886 b_tt_car b_tt_bus asc_bus 0.69786 0.6127 asc_air 0.58219 0.5737 asc_rail -0.29862 -0.3085 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.54975 0.5314 asc_air_interaction_female 0.25602 0.2649 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.19306 0.2033 b_tt_car 1.00000 0.9853 b_tt_bus 0.98529 1.0000 b_tt_air 0.88971 0.8810 b_tt_rail 0.82502 0.8004 b_tt_interaction_business 0.87390 0.8839 b_acc 0.92835 0.9259 b_cost 0.98203 0.9947 b_cost_interaction_business -0.94503 -0.9634 cost_income_elast 0.06233 0.1012 b_wifi -0.95804 -0.9692 b_food -0.85945 -0.8702 p_timesteps 0.97749 0.9910 p_phi1 0.91832 0.9361 p_phi2 -0.87728 -0.9096 b_tt_air b_tt_rail asc_bus 0.5781 0.5222 asc_air 0.2304 0.2062 asc_rail -0.4805 -0.6941 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.4070 0.3005 asc_air_interaction_female 0.2425 0.2298 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.2027 0.2043 b_tt_car 0.8897 0.8250 b_tt_bus 0.8810 0.8004 b_tt_air 1.0000 0.8735 b_tt_rail 0.8735 1.0000 b_tt_interaction_business 0.8295 0.7808 b_acc 0.8241 0.7512 b_cost 0.8630 0.7876 b_cost_interaction_business -0.8223 -0.7482 cost_income_elast 0.1340 0.1090 b_wifi -0.8651 -0.7805 b_food -0.7829 -0.7029 p_timesteps 0.8672 0.7689 p_phi1 0.7811 0.6803 p_phi2 -0.8676 -0.8398 b_tt_interaction_business b_acc asc_bus 0.5948 0.6113 asc_air 0.3899 0.4197 asc_rail -0.4431 -0.3234 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.4481 0.5088 asc_air_interaction_female 0.2891 0.2495 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.2407 0.1926 b_tt_car 0.8739 0.9283 b_tt_bus 0.8839 0.9259 b_tt_air 0.8295 0.8241 b_tt_rail 0.7808 0.7512 b_tt_interaction_business 1.0000 0.8689 b_acc 0.8689 1.0000 b_cost 0.8855 0.9180 b_cost_interaction_business -0.7895 -0.8691 cost_income_elast 0.1829 0.1033 b_wifi -0.8848 -0.9118 b_food -0.7887 -0.8207 p_timesteps 0.8998 0.9260 p_phi1 0.8690 0.8722 p_phi2 -0.8940 -0.8509 b_cost b_cost_interaction_business asc_bus 0.63636 -0.57446 asc_air 0.58745 -0.59040 asc_rail -0.30202 0.26312 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.53306 -0.49354 asc_air_interaction_female 0.26897 -0.25822 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.20786 -0.20257 b_tt_car 0.98203 -0.94503 b_tt_bus 0.99467 -0.96339 b_tt_air 0.86297 -0.82233 b_tt_rail 0.78760 -0.74817 b_tt_interaction_business 0.88555 -0.78945 b_acc 0.91802 -0.86909 b_cost 1.00000 -0.97200 b_cost_interaction_business -0.97200 1.00000 cost_income_elast 0.07785 -0.09690 b_wifi -0.97223 0.93145 b_food -0.87618 0.83992 p_timesteps 0.99132 -0.95173 p_phi1 0.93783 -0.89948 p_phi2 -0.91062 0.88470 cost_income_elast b_wifi asc_bus -0.10994 -0.63315 asc_air -0.08756 -0.54618 asc_rail -0.15897 0.30544 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.09399 -0.52326 asc_air_interaction_female 0.12560 -0.26466 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.13905 -0.20585 b_tt_car 0.06233 -0.95804 b_tt_bus 0.10122 -0.96924 b_tt_air 0.13401 -0.86512 b_tt_rail 0.10896 -0.78051 b_tt_interaction_business 0.18289 -0.88475 b_acc 0.10326 -0.91176 b_cost 0.07785 -0.97223 b_cost_interaction_business -0.09690 0.93145 cost_income_elast 1.00000 -0.09437 b_wifi -0.09437 1.00000 b_food -0.07209 0.90928 p_timesteps 0.09869 -0.97230 p_phi1 0.15347 -0.91607 p_phi2 -0.25827 0.89670 b_food p_timesteps asc_bus -0.56335 0.66637 asc_air -0.50012 0.57487 asc_rail 0.24971 -0.30965 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.47300 0.55378 asc_air_interaction_female -0.23504 0.26899 asc_rail_interaction_female -0.18408 0.20451 b_tt_car -0.85945 0.97749 b_tt_bus -0.87016 0.99096 b_tt_air -0.78289 0.86716 b_tt_rail -0.70289 0.76895 b_tt_interaction_business -0.78869 0.89981 b_acc -0.82072 0.92598 b_cost -0.87618 0.99132 b_cost_interaction_business 0.83992 -0.95173 cost_income_elast -0.07209 0.09869 b_wifi 0.90928 -0.97230 b_food 1.00000 -0.87337 p_timesteps -0.87337 1.00000 p_phi1 -0.82454 0.93997 p_phi2 0.80542 -0.90283 p_phi1 p_phi2 asc_bus 0.5880 -0.4431 asc_air 0.6006 -0.3401 asc_rail -0.2482 0.4865 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.5672 -0.3438 asc_air_interaction_female 0.3037 -0.2901 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.2366 -0.2589 b_tt_car 0.9183 -0.8773 b_tt_bus 0.9361 -0.9096 b_tt_air 0.7811 -0.8676 b_tt_rail 0.6803 -0.8398 b_tt_interaction_business 0.8690 -0.8940 b_acc 0.8722 -0.8509 b_cost 0.9378 -0.9106 b_cost_interaction_business -0.8995 0.8847 cost_income_elast 0.1535 -0.2583 b_wifi -0.9161 0.8967 b_food -0.8245 0.8054 p_timesteps 0.9400 -0.9028 p_phi1 1.0000 -0.8343 p_phi2 -0.8343 1.0000 Robust correlation matrix: asc_bus asc_air asc_bus 1.00000 0.67542 asc_air 0.67542 1.00000 asc_rail 0.01177 0.47943 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.53700 0.69967 asc_air_interaction_female 0.26676 0.06729 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.12381 -0.05757 b_tt_car 0.79204 0.75942 b_tt_bus 0.73667 0.74970 b_tt_air 0.63241 0.43544 b_tt_rail 0.54803 0.29046 b_tt_interaction_business 0.66738 0.57134 b_acc 0.70863 0.63415 b_cost 0.75429 0.76020 b_cost_interaction_business -0.72010 -0.75990 cost_income_elast -0.37799 -0.28456 b_wifi -0.74460 -0.73036 b_food -0.69037 -0.68093 p_timesteps 0.77394 0.76062 p_phi1 0.71120 0.78079 p_phi2 -0.51517 -0.45598 asc_rail asc_bus_interaction_female asc_bus 0.011771 0.53700 asc_air 0.479426 0.69967 asc_rail 1.000000 0.28475 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.284748 1.00000 asc_air_interaction_female -0.245362 -0.02328 asc_rail_interaction_female -0.324286 -0.18382 b_tt_car -0.020113 0.68574 b_tt_bus -0.028119 0.67046 b_tt_air -0.243330 0.54067 b_tt_rail -0.592156 0.34240 b_tt_interaction_business -0.197603 0.54657 b_acc -0.063788 0.62499 b_cost -0.021005 0.66976 b_cost_interaction_business -0.002352 -0.65292 cost_income_elast -0.047638 -0.26223 b_wifi 0.025004 -0.65650 b_food 0.005789 -0.59153 p_timesteps -0.013610 0.68179 p_phi1 0.071817 0.68191 p_phi2 0.312312 -0.42374 asc_air_interaction_female asc_rail_interaction_female asc_bus 0.26676 0.12381 asc_air 0.06729 -0.05757 asc_rail -0.24536 -0.32429 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.02328 -0.18382 asc_air_interaction_female 1.00000 0.78143 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.78143 1.00000 b_tt_car 0.29133 0.16231 b_tt_bus 0.29866 0.17103 b_tt_air 0.28016 0.19504 b_tt_rail 0.28786 0.23252 b_tt_interaction_business 0.35779 0.24891 b_acc 0.29047 0.17507 b_cost 0.30280 0.17424 b_cost_interaction_business -0.28669 -0.16142 cost_income_elast 0.09376 0.15761 b_wifi -0.31766 -0.18834 b_food -0.31241 -0.19180 p_timesteps 0.30778 0.17181 p_phi1 0.32846 0.18863 p_phi2 -0.35747 -0.28896 b_tt_car b_tt_bus asc_bus 0.79204 0.73667 asc_air 0.75942 0.74970 asc_rail -0.02011 -0.02812 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.68574 0.67046 asc_air_interaction_female 0.29133 0.29866 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.16231 0.17103 b_tt_car 1.00000 0.99104 b_tt_bus 0.99104 1.00000 b_tt_air 0.88905 0.88471 b_tt_rail 0.76900 0.75211 b_tt_interaction_business 0.89039 0.90256 b_acc 0.95049 0.95179 b_cost 0.98873 0.99641 b_cost_interaction_business -0.97021 -0.97967 cost_income_elast -0.22141 -0.18578 b_wifi -0.97035 -0.97815 b_food -0.90047 -0.90688 p_timesteps 0.98574 0.99389 p_phi1 0.94336 0.95483 p_phi2 -0.85664 -0.88545 b_tt_air b_tt_rail asc_bus 0.63241 0.5480 asc_air 0.43544 0.2905 asc_rail -0.24333 -0.5922 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.54067 0.3424 asc_air_interaction_female 0.28016 0.2879 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.19504 0.2325 b_tt_car 0.88905 0.7690 b_tt_bus 0.88471 0.7521 b_tt_air 1.00000 0.8436 b_tt_rail 0.84358 1.0000 b_tt_interaction_business 0.85269 0.7577 b_acc 0.85929 0.7323 b_cost 0.86918 0.7392 b_cost_interaction_business -0.84553 -0.7159 cost_income_elast -0.09820 -0.1460 b_wifi -0.87508 -0.7334 b_food -0.82235 -0.6828 p_timesteps 0.86942 0.7202 p_phi1 0.80926 0.6299 p_phi2 -0.87573 -0.8224 b_tt_interaction_business b_acc asc_bus 0.66738 0.70863 asc_air 0.57134 0.63415 asc_rail -0.19760 -0.06379 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.54657 0.62499 asc_air_interaction_female 0.35779 0.29047 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.24891 0.17507 b_tt_car 0.89039 0.95049 b_tt_bus 0.90256 0.95179 b_tt_air 0.85269 0.85929 b_tt_rail 0.75769 0.73233 b_tt_interaction_business 1.00000 0.89797 b_acc 0.89797 1.00000 b_cost 0.90434 0.94684 b_cost_interaction_business -0.85245 -0.92194 cost_income_elast -0.08870 -0.15509 b_wifi -0.90559 -0.93521 b_food -0.83620 -0.86814 p_timesteps 0.91340 0.94827 p_phi1 0.89286 0.90412 p_phi2 -0.91389 -0.86527 b_cost b_cost_interaction_business asc_bus 0.75429 -0.720098 asc_air 0.76020 -0.759905 asc_rail -0.02101 -0.002352 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.66976 -0.652924 asc_air_interaction_female 0.30280 -0.286689 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.17424 -0.161418 b_tt_car 0.98873 -0.970207 b_tt_bus 0.99641 -0.979674 b_tt_air 0.86918 -0.845532 b_tt_rail 0.73923 -0.715945 b_tt_interaction_business 0.90434 -0.852454 b_acc 0.94684 -0.921939 b_cost 1.00000 -0.985718 b_cost_interaction_business -0.98572 1.000000 cost_income_elast -0.20291 0.173171 b_wifi -0.98046 0.958546 b_food -0.91076 0.890508 p_timesteps 0.99476 -0.973064 p_phi1 0.95795 -0.938568 p_phi2 -0.88477 0.868867 cost_income_elast b_wifi asc_bus -0.37799 -0.74460 asc_air -0.28456 -0.73036 asc_rail -0.04764 0.02500 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.26223 -0.65650 asc_air_interaction_female 0.09376 -0.31766 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.15761 -0.18834 b_tt_car -0.22141 -0.97035 b_tt_bus -0.18578 -0.97815 b_tt_air -0.09820 -0.87508 b_tt_rail -0.14599 -0.73340 b_tt_interaction_business -0.08870 -0.90559 b_acc -0.15509 -0.93521 b_cost -0.20291 -0.98046 b_cost_interaction_business 0.17317 0.95855 cost_income_elast 1.00000 0.18082 b_wifi 0.18082 1.00000 b_food 0.15426 0.93262 p_timesteps -0.19738 -0.97999 p_phi1 -0.12222 -0.94520 p_phi2 -0.02770 0.87912 b_food p_timesteps asc_bus -0.690365 0.77394 asc_air -0.680932 0.76062 asc_rail 0.005789 -0.01361 asc_bus_interaction_female -0.591532 0.68179 asc_air_interaction_female -0.312409 0.30778 asc_rail_interaction_female -0.191801 0.17181 b_tt_car -0.900466 0.98574 b_tt_bus -0.906876 0.99389 b_tt_air -0.822349 0.86942 b_tt_rail -0.682805 0.72024 b_tt_interaction_business -0.836200 0.91340 b_acc -0.868136 0.94827 b_cost -0.910756 0.99476 b_cost_interaction_business 0.890508 -0.97306 cost_income_elast 0.154260 -0.19738 b_wifi 0.932618 -0.97999 b_food 1.000000 -0.90805 p_timesteps -0.908051 1.00000 p_phi1 -0.881185 0.95961 p_phi2 0.812222 -0.87748 p_phi1 p_phi2 asc_bus 0.71120 -0.51517 asc_air 0.78079 -0.45598 asc_rail 0.07182 0.31231 asc_bus_interaction_female 0.68191 -0.42374 asc_air_interaction_female 0.32846 -0.35747 asc_rail_interaction_female 0.18863 -0.28896 b_tt_car 0.94336 -0.85664 b_tt_bus 0.95483 -0.88545 b_tt_air 0.80926 -0.87573 b_tt_rail 0.62986 -0.82240 b_tt_interaction_business 0.89286 -0.91389 b_acc 0.90412 -0.86527 b_cost 0.95795 -0.88477 b_cost_interaction_business -0.93857 0.86887 cost_income_elast -0.12222 -0.02770 b_wifi -0.94520 0.87912 b_food -0.88118 0.81222 p_timesteps 0.95961 -0.87748 p_phi1 1.00000 -0.82987 p_phi2 -0.82987 1.00000 20 most extreme outliers in terms of lowest average per choice prediction: ID Avg prob per choice 400 0.2378110 464 0.2521119 146 0.2568404 293 0.2614060 186 0.2704922 276 0.2781970 317 0.2828236 467 0.2892152 263 0.2923592 370 0.2940590 181 0.2941079 183 0.2956476 161 0.2984970 441 0.3008152 367 0.3029099 259 0.3038125 133 0.3069206 434 0.3118569 307 0.3130001 379 0.3149429 Settings and functions used in model definition: apollo_control -------------- Value modelDescr "DFT model on mode choice SP data" indivID "ID" nCores "4" outputDirectory "output/" debug "FALSE" modelName "DFT_mode_choice" workInLogs "FALSE" seed "13" mixing "FALSE" HB "FALSE" noValidation "FALSE" noDiagnostics "FALSE" calculateLLC "TRUE" analyticHessian "FALSE" memorySaver "FALSE" panelData "TRUE" analyticGrad "TRUE" analyticGrad_manualSet "FALSE" overridePanel "FALSE" preventOverridePanel "FALSE" noModification "FALSE" Hessian routines attempted -------------------------- numerical second derivative of LL (using numDeriv) Scaling used in computing Hessian --------------------------------- Value asc_bus 23.234367287 asc_air 4.420172673 asc_rail 16.585754712 asc_bus_interaction_female 10.033976890 asc_air_interaction_female 3.113288639 asc_rail_interaction_female 2.139010362 b_tt_car 0.001628983 b_tt_bus 0.002931032 b_tt_air 0.003186912 b_tt_rail 0.001689918 b_tt_interaction_business 0.001111854 b_acc 0.003520614 b_cost 0.011895959 b_cost_interaction_business 0.005336476 cost_income_elast 0.667384477 b_wifi 0.155045528 b_food 0.063142572 p_timesteps 5.895861478 p_phi1 1.202524138 p_phi2 5.289252652 apollo_probabilities ---------------------- function(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs, functionality="estimate"){ ### Attach inputs and detach after function exit apollo_attach(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs) on.exit(apollo_detach(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs)) ### Create list of probabilities P P = list() ### Create alternative specific constants and coefficients using interactions with socio-demographics asc_bus_value = asc_bus + asc_bus_interaction_female * female asc_air_value = asc_air + asc_air_interaction_female * female asc_rail_value = asc_rail + asc_rail_interaction_female * female b_tt_car_value = b_tt_car + b_tt_interaction_business * business b_tt_bus_value = b_tt_bus + b_tt_interaction_business * business b_tt_air_value = b_tt_air + b_tt_interaction_business * business b_tt_rail_value = b_tt_rail + b_tt_interaction_business * business b_cost_value = ( b_cost + b_cost_interaction_business * business ) * ( income / mean_income ) ^ cost_income_elast ### List of attribute values attrValues = list() attrValues[["car"]] = list(time=time_car , access=0 , cost=cost_car , wifi=0 , food=0 ) attrValues[["bus"]] = list(time=time_bus , access=access_bus , cost=cost_bus , wifi=0 , food=0 ) attrValues[["air"]] = list(time=time_air , access=access_air , cost=cost_air , wifi=1*(service_air == 2), food=1*(service_air == 3)) attrValues[["rail"]] = list(time=time_rail, access=access_rail, cost=cost_rail, wifi=1*(service_rail == 2), food=1*(service_rail == 3)) ### List of initial preference values altStart = list() altStart[["car"]] = asc_car altStart[["bus"]] = asc_bus_value altStart[["air"]] = asc_air_value altStart[["rail"]] = asc_rail_value ### List of attribute scaling factors attrScalings = list(time = list(car = b_tt_car_value, bus = b_tt_bus_value, air = b_tt_air_value, rail = b_tt_rail_value), access = b_acc, cost = b_cost_value, wifi = b_wifi, food = b_food) ### List of process parameters procPars = list( error_sd = p_error_sd, timesteps = 1+exp(p_timesteps), phi1 = exp(p_phi1), phi2 = exp(p_phi2)/(1+exp(p_phi2)) ) ### Define settings for DFT model component dft_settings = list( alternatives = c(car=1, bus=2, air=3, rail=4), avail = list(car=av_car, bus=av_bus, air=av_air, rail=av_rail), choiceVar = choice, attrValues = attrValues, altStart = altStart, attrWeights = 1, ### Using scaling factors, so attrWeights must be set to 1. attrScalings = attrScalings, procPars = procPars ) ### Compute choice probabilities using DFT model P[["model"]] = apollo_dft(dft_settings, functionality) ### Take product across observation for same individual P = apollo_panelProd(P, apollo_inputs, functionality) ### Prepare and return outputs of function P = apollo_prepareProb(P, apollo_inputs, functionality) return(P) }