ApolloChoiceModelling forum

Dear developers of Apollo, I’m trying to estimate an ordinal logit using a second-order measurement component for the latent variables (LVs).
I attached de path diagram of the model to explain me better. However, when I run apollo_estimate I got the following error:

Error in apollo_validate(normalDensity_settings, modelType, functionality, :
Dependent variable for model component "indic_nat_gov" needs to be one-dimensional!

The normal_settings of indic_nat_gov (latent) is:

normalDensity_settings_nat_gov = list(outcomeNormal = nat_gov,
xNormal = zeta_nat_gov*gov,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_nat_gov,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_nat_gov")

And the first order measurement component is:

ol_settings_know_natgov = list(outcomeOrdered=know_natgov,
V=zeta_know_natgov*nat_gov,
tau=c(tau_1_know_natgov, tau_2_know_natgov, tau_3_know_natgov),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))

Thank you for any suggestion and guidance to solve this.

Bests,

IS (complete code)

library(apollo)
database<-read_csv("data.csv",col_names=TRUE)
database<-as.data.frame(database)
#inicializar apollo
apollo_initialise()
#definir apolo control
apollo_control = list(
modelName ="Ordinal hybrid model Change v0",
modelDescr ="Ordinal hybrid model Change v0",
indivID ="id",
mixing = TRUE,
nCores = 8,
analyticGrad=FALSE
# panelData=FALSE
)
#definir los parametros del modelo a estimar
apollo_beta=c(asc =0,
gamma_nat_gov =0,
gamma_loc_gov =0,
gamma_health_off =0,
gamma_loc_emer_rpnd =0,
gamma_loc_rlf_org =0,
gamma_int_rlf_org =0,
gamma_red_crs =0,
gamma_trad_news =0,
gamma_elec_news =0,
gamma_poli =0,
gamma_fire =0,
zeta_know_natgov =0,
tau_1_know_natgov =-1,
tau_2_know_natgov =0,
tau_3_know_natgov =1,
zeta_trust_natgov =0,
tau_1_trust_natgov =-1,
tau_2_trust_natgov =0,
tau_3_trust_natgov =1,
zeta_know_logov =0,
tau_1_know_logov =-1,
tau_2_know_logov =0,
tau_3_know_logov =1,
zeta_trust_logov =0,
tau_1_trust_logov =-1,
tau_2_trust_logov =0,
tau_3_trust_logov =1,
zeta_know_health =0,
tau_1_know_health =-1,
tau_2_know_health =0,
tau_3_know_health =1,
zeta_trust_health =0,
tau_1_trust_health =-1,
tau_2_trust_health =0,
tau_3_trust_health =1,
zeta_know_localem =0,
tau_1_know_localem =-1,
tau_2_know_localem =0,
tau_3_know_localem =1,
zeta_trust_localem =0,
tau_1_trust_localem =-1,
tau_2_trust_localem =0,
tau_3_trust_localem =1,
zeta_know_localrelief =0,
tau_1_know_localrelief =-1,
tau_2_know_localrelief =0,
tau_3_know_localrelief =1,
zeta_trust_localrelief =0,
tau_1_trust_localrelief =-1,
tau_2_trust_localrelief =0,
tau_3_trust_localrelief =1,
zeta_know_ingo =0,
tau_1_know_ingo =-1,
tau_2_know_ingo =0,
tau_3_know_ingo =1,
zeta_trust_ingo =0,
tau_1_trust_ingo =-1,
tau_2_trust_ingo =0,
tau_3_trust_ingo =1,
zeta_know_redcross =0,
tau_1_know_redcross =-1,
tau_2_know_redcross =0,
tau_3_know_redcross =1,
zeta_trust_redcross =0,
tau_1_trust_redcross =-1,
tau_2_trust_redcross =0,
tau_3_trust_redcross =1,
zeta_know_news =0,
tau_1_know_news =-1,
tau_2_know_news =0,
tau_3_know_news =1,
zeta_trust_news =0,
tau_1_trust_news =-1,
tau_2_trust_news =0,
tau_3_trust_news =1,
zeta_know_social =0,
tau_1_know_social =-1,
tau_2_know_social =0,
tau_3_know_social =1,
zeta_trust_social =0,
tau_1_trust_social =-1,
tau_2_trust_social =0,
tau_3_trust_social =1,
zeta_know_police =0,
tau_1_know_police =-1,
tau_2_know_police =0,
tau_3_know_police =1,
zeta_trust_police =0,
tau_1_trust_police =-1,
tau_2_trust_police =0,
tau_3_trust_police =1,
zeta_know_fire =0,
tau_1_know_fire =-1,
tau_2_know_fire =0,
tau_3_know_fire =1,
zeta_trust_fire =0,
tau_1_trust_fire =-1,
tau_2_trust_fire =0,
tau_3_trust_fire =1,
zeta_nat_gov=1,
sigma_nat_gov=1,
zeta_loc_gov=1,
sigma_loc_gov=1,
zeta_health_off=1,
sigma_health_off=1,
zeta_loc_emer_rpnd=1,
sigma_loc_emer_rpnd=1,
zeta_loc_rlf_org=1,
sigma_loc_rlf_org=1,
zeta_int_rlf_org=1,
sigma_int_rlf_org=1,
zeta_red_crs=1,
sigma_red_crs=1,
zeta_trad_news=1,
sigma_trad_news=1,
zeta_elec_news=1,
sigma_elec_news=1,
zeta_poli=1,
sigma_poli=1,
zeta_fire=1,
sigma_fire=1,
beta_gov =0,
beta_loc_rpnd_org =0,
beta_int_rpnd_org =0,
beta_news =0,
beta_pol_fire=0,
tau_1_change=-1,
tau_2_change=0)
#definir parametros fijos para garantizar identificabilidad
apollo_fixed = c("asc")
# DEFINE RANDOM COMPONENTS
### Set parameters for generating draws
apollo_draws = list(
interDrawsType="mlhs",
interNDraws=500,
interUnifDraws=c(),
interNormDraws=c("eta_gov","eta_loc_rpnd_org","eta_int_rpnd_org","eta_news","eta_pol_fire","eta_nat_gov","eta_loc_gov","eta_health_off","eta_loc_emer_rpnd","eta_loc_rlf_org","eta_int_rlf_org","eta_red_crs","eta_trad_news","eta_elec_news","eta_poli","eta_fire"),
intraDrawsType='',
intraNDraws=0,
intraUnifDraws=c(),
intraNormDraws=c()
)
### Create random parameters
apollo_randCoeff=function(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs){
randcoeff = list()
randcoeff[["nat_gov"]] = eta_nat_gov
randcoeff[["loc_gov"]] = eta_loc_gov
randcoeff[["health_off"]] = eta_health_off
randcoeff[["loc_emer_rpnd"]] = eta_loc_emer_rpnd
randcoeff[["loc_rlf_org"]] = eta_loc_rlf_org
randcoeff[["int_rlf_org"]] = eta_int_rlf_org
randcoeff[["red_crs"]] = eta_red_crs
randcoeff[["trad_news"]] = eta_trad_news
randcoeff[["elec_news"]] = eta_elec_news
randcoeff[["poli"]] = eta_poli
randcoeff[["fire"]] = eta_fire
randcoeff[["gov"]] = eta_gov
randcoeff[["loc_rpnd_org"]] = eta_loc_rpnd_org
randcoeff[["int_rpnd_org"]] = eta_int_rpnd_org
randcoeff[["news"]] = eta_news
randcoeff[["pol_fire"]] = eta_pol_fire
return(randcoeff)
}
apollo_inputs = apollo_validateInputs()
#definir apollo probabilities function
apollo_probabilities=function(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs, functionality="estimate"){
apollo_attach(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs)
on.exit(apollo_detach(apollo_beta, apollo_inputs))
P = list()
### Likelihood of indicators
#####gov
ol_settings_know_natgov = list(outcomeOrdered=know_natgov,
V=zeta_know_natgov*nat_gov,
tau=c(tau_1_know_natgov, tau_2_know_natgov, tau_3_know_natgov),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_natgov = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_natgov,
V=zeta_trust_natgov*nat_gov,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_natgov, tau_2_trust_natgov, tau_3_trust_natgov),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_logov = list(outcomeOrdered=know_logov,
V=zeta_know_logov*loc_gov,
tau=c(tau_1_know_logov, tau_2_know_logov, tau_3_know_logov),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_logov = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_logov,
V=zeta_trust_logov*loc_gov,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_logov, tau_2_trust_logov, tau_3_trust_logov),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_health = list(outcomeOrdered=know_health,
V=zeta_know_health*health_off,
tau=c(tau_1_know_health, tau_2_know_health, tau_3_know_health),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_health = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_health,
V=zeta_trust_health*health_off,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_health, tau_2_trust_health, tau_3_trust_health),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_localem = list(outcomeOrdered=know_localem,
V=zeta_know_localem*loc_emer_rpnd,
tau=c(tau_1_know_localem, tau_2_know_localem, tau_3_know_localem),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_localem = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_localem,
V=zeta_trust_localem*loc_emer_rpnd,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_localem, tau_2_trust_localem, tau_3_trust_localem),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_localrelief = list(outcomeOrdered=know_localrelief,
V=zeta_know_localrelief*loc_rlf_org,
tau=c(tau_1_know_localrelief, tau_2_know_localrelief, tau_3_know_localrelief),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_localrelief = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_localrelief,
V=zeta_trust_localrelief*loc_rlf_org,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_localrelief, tau_2_trust_localrelief, tau_3_trust_localrelief),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_ingo = list(outcomeOrdered=know_ingo,
V=zeta_know_ingo*int_rlf_org,
tau=c(tau_1_know_ingo, tau_2_know_ingo, tau_3_know_ingo),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_ingo = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_ingo,
V=zeta_trust_ingo*int_rlf_org,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_ingo, tau_2_trust_ingo, tau_3_trust_ingo),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_redcross = list(outcomeOrdered=know_redcross,
V=zeta_know_redcross*red_crs,
tau=c(tau_1_know_redcross, tau_2_know_redcross, tau_3_know_redcross),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_redcross = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_redcross,
V=zeta_trust_redcross*red_crs,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_redcross, tau_2_trust_redcross, tau_3_trust_redcross),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_news = list(outcomeOrdered=know_news,
V=zeta_know_news*trad_news,
tau=c(tau_1_know_news, tau_2_know_news, tau_3_know_news),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_news = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_news,
V=zeta_trust_news*trad_news,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_news, tau_2_trust_news, tau_3_trust_news),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_social = list(outcomeOrdered=know_social,
V=zeta_know_social*elec_news,
tau=c(tau_1_know_social, tau_2_know_social, tau_3_know_social),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_social = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_social,
V=zeta_trust_social*elec_news,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_social, tau_2_trust_social, tau_3_trust_social),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_police = list(outcomeOrdered=know_police,
V=zeta_know_police*poli,
tau=c(tau_1_know_police, tau_2_know_police, tau_3_know_police),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_police = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_police,
V=zeta_trust_police*poli,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_police, tau_2_trust_police, tau_3_trust_police),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_know_fire = list(outcomeOrdered=know_fire,
V=zeta_know_fire*fire,
tau=c(tau_1_know_fire, tau_2_know_fire, tau_3_know_fire),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
ol_settings_trust_fire = list(outcomeOrdered=trust_fire,
V=zeta_trust_fire*fire,
tau=c(tau_1_trust_fire, tau_2_trust_fire, tau_3_trust_fire),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3,4))
###second order measurement
normalDensity_settings_nat_gov = list(outcomeNormal = nat_gov,
xNormal = zeta_nat_gov*gov,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_nat_gov,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_nat_gov")
normalDensity_settings_loc_gov = list(outcomeNormal = loc_gov,
xNormal = zeta_loc_gov*gov,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_loc_gov,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_loc_gov")
normalDensity_settings_health_off = list(outcomeNormal = health_off,
xNormal = zeta_health_off*loc_rpnd_org,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_health_off,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_health_off")
normalDensity_settings_loc_emer_rpnd = list(outcomeNormal = loc_emer_rpnd,
xNormal = zeta_loc_emer_rpnd*loc_rpnd_org,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_loc_emer_rpnd,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_loc_emer_rpnd")
normalDensity_settings_loc_rlf_org = list(outcomeNormal = loc_rlf_org,
xNormal = zeta_loc_rlf_org*loc_rpnd_org,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_loc_rlf_org,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_loc_rlf_org")
normalDensity_settings_int_rlf_org = list(outcomeNormal = int_rlf_org,
xNormal = zeta_int_rlf_org*int_rpnd_org,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_int_rlf_org,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_int_rlf_org")
normalDensity_settings_red_crs = list(outcomeNormal = red_crs,
xNormal = zeta_red_crs*int_rpnd_org,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_red_crs,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_red_crs")
normalDensity_settings_trad_news = list(outcomeNormal = trad_news,
xNormal = zeta_trad_news*news,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_trad_news,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_trad_news")
normalDensity_settings_elec_news = list(outcomeNormal = elec_news,
xNormal = zeta_elec_news*news,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_elec_news,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_elec_news")
normalDensity_settings_poli = list(outcomeNormal = poli,
xNormal = zeta_poli*pol_fire,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_poli,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_poli")
normalDensity_settings_fire = list(outcomeNormal = fire,
xNormal = zeta_fire*pol_fire,
mu = 0,
sigma = sigma_fire,
rows = (task==1),
componentName = "indic_fire")
P[["indic_know_natgov"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_natgov, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_natgov"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_natgov, functionality)
P[["indic_know_logov"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_logov, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_logov"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_logov, functionality)
P[["indic_know_health"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_health, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_health"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_health, functionality)
P[["indic_know_localem"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_localem, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_localem"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_localem, functionality)
P[["indic_know_localrelief"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_localrelief, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_localrelief"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_localrelief, functionality)
P[["indic_know_ingo"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_ingo, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_ingo"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_ingo, functionality)
P[["indic_know_redcross"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_redcross, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_redcross"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_redcross, functionality)
P[["indic_know_news"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_news, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_news"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_news, functionality)
P[["indic_know_social"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_social, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_social"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_social, functionality)
P[["indic_know_police"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_police, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_police"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_police, functionality)
P[["indic_know_fire"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_know_fire, functionality)
P[["indic_trust_fire"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_trust_fire, functionality)
##second order measures
P[["indic_nat_gov"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_nat_gov, functionality)
P[["indic_loc_gov"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_loc_gov, functionality)
P[["indic_health_off"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_health_off, functionality)
P[["indic_loc_emer_rpnd"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_loc_emer_rpnd, functionality)
P[["indic_loc_rlf_org"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_loc_rlf_org, functionality)
P[["indic_int_rlf_org"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_int_rlf_org, functionality)
P[["indic_red_crs"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_red_crs, functionality)
P[["indic_trad_news"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_trad_news, functionality)
P[["indic_elec_news"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_elec_news, functionality)
P[["indic_poli"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_poli, functionality)
P[["indic_fire"]] = apollo_normalDensity(normalDensity_settings_fire, functionality)
ol_settings_change = list(outcomeOrdered=change,
V= asc + beta_gov * gov + beta_loc_rpnd_org * loc_rpnd_org + beta_int_rpnd_org * int_rpnd_org + beta_news * news +
beta_pol_fire * pol_fire,
tau=c(tau_1_change, tau_2_change),
rows=(task==1),coding = c(1,2,3))
P[["change"]] = apollo_ol(ol_settings_change, functionality)
### Likelihood of the whole model
P = apollo_combineModels(P, apollo_inputs, functionality)

### Take product across observation for same individual
# P = apollo_panelProd(P, apollo_inputs, functionality)

### Average across inter-individual draws
P = apollo_avgInterDraws(P, apollo_inputs, functionality)

### Prepare and return outputs of function
P = apollo_prepareProb(P, apollo_inputs, functionality)
return(P)
}
#estimar el modelo
# ################################################################# #
#### MODEL ESTIMATION ####
# ################################################################# #

### Optional: calculate LL before model estimation
apollo_llCalc(apollo_beta, apollo_probabilities, apollo_inputs)

### Estimate model
model = apollo_estimate(apollo_beta, apollo_fixed, apollo_probabilities, apollo_inputs)

# ################################################################# #
#### MODEL OUTPUTS ####
# ################################################################# #

# ----------------------------------------------------------------- #
#---- FORMATTED OUTPUT (TO SCREEN) ----
# ----------------------------------------------------------------- #

apollo_modelOutput(model)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------- #
#---- FORMATTED OUTPUT (TO FILE, using model name) ----
# ----------------------------------------------------------------- #

apollo_saveOutput(model)

Hi

the reason this is going wrong is because you're treating natgov as a dependent variable in the model. But natgov is not something that you observe in the data, but rather is just a function of the other LV. So you should just define natgov in apollo_randCoeff as a function of gov (the other LV), and the dependent variables will simply be knowledge and trust

Hope this helps

Stephane

Hi prof Hess,

I think it's a silly question, but, if I want to specify an ordered model like in the polr function from the MASS package, where I specify the utility (in the Manual says V is a numeric vector) in the model? All the examples in the manual and the topics here discuss the specification of the latent variable (or the numeric vector V) in the the rand_coeff list. I think for simple ordered models the specification it's more simple than using random coefficients, right? Can you give an example? I tried specificing V inside apollo_probabilitites like V = beta*attribute but it didn't work. Thanks in advance.

Best,
Gabriel

Hi

we're happy to help, but please show us your code so we can tell you where it goes wrong

Stephane

My model has an ordered variable with 4 outcomes, I just put two variables to test with it works, but then I get the following message:

Error in apollo_validate(ol_settings, modelType, functionality, apollo_inputs) :
Some values inside V are not finite for model component "model"
Além disso: Warning message:
In Ops.factor(b_sexo * apollo_inputs$apollo_scaling["b_sexo"], SEXO) :

Error in apollo_validate(ol_settings, modelType, functionality, apollo_inputs) :
Some values inside V are not finite for model component "model"

Gabriel

do you maybe have some NA values in the data? Or missing values?

I found the error prof Hess, I was specifying in a wrong way the SEX variable and now it works. Thanks!

Best,
Gabriel